DNA Databases (Nucleotide Sequences)

• The large databases are: Genbank (US), EMBL (Europe - UK), DDBJ (Japan). These databases are quite similar regarding their contents and are updating one another periodically. This was is a result of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration .

• Genomic databases: Human (GDB), mouse (MGB), yeast (SGB), etc...
• Special databases:

• ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags): Short fragments of mRNA samples that were taken from a variety of tissues and organisms. These samples are amplified and sequenced. The sequencing is done in one read thus ESTs are a non-accurate source of information. There are about 6 million sequenced ESTs (more then 1/3 clonned from human) .

• STSs (Sequence-Tagged Sites): Short genomic samples that serves as a genomic markers.

• HTGS (High Throughput Genomic Sequences): Sequences obtained in the course of sequencing the whole genome. The records of this databases are classified according to their phase 3 towards sequence completion. Phase 0 - Single-few pass reads of a single clone(not contigs). Phase 1 - Unfinished, may be unordered, unoriented contigs, with gaps. Phase 2 - Unfinished, ordered, oriented contigs, with or without gaps. Phase 3 - Finished, no gaps (with or without annotations).